Disaster management Ngo model village Development

Disaster management Ngo model village Development

Internet TV Services By Microsoft

Microsoft is apparently in talks with giant US media houses to launch its own Internet TV services to rival those of Google TV, Apple TV and other online streaming services.

According to sources, the company is scheduling to launch the TV subscription services on its Xbox 360 games console and other devices. Sources told the news agency that one of the options being well thought-out by Microsoft is to provide an original TV service through its Xbox 360 console, which would act like a virtual cable operator.

The new service would need users to pay a monthly fee to access channels such as ABC, NBC, Fox, CBS, ESPN or CNN through the Xbox.

An added option being well thought-out by Microsoft is that it could permit current cable subscribers to watch TV shows coupled with interactive features on the Xbox 360, such as program instant messaging.

Microsoft could also provide individual channels through Xbox Live. It is already providing Disney’s ESPN, so comparable deals might follow soon.

Google Changes Its Rank Algorithm.

Over Thanksgiving weekend a New York Times story, “A Bully Finds a Pulpit on the Web” clued a lot of people in to some of the drawbacks of Google PageRank. Negative attention online and complaint links from customer service sites like Get Satisfaction can actually be a benefit to business as in the problematic case of online retailer DecorMyEyes.

The Times piece followed DecorMyEyes customer Clarabelle Rodriguez as she suffered online and offline harassment from DecorMyEyes founder Vitaly Borker, all in the name of improving his Google search rankings. While I saw that DecorMyEyes had dropped in the Google rankings for eyewear related searches like “La Font” directly after the piece went out, it was only a matter of time before Google did something official.

From the Google blog:

“We were horrified to read about Ms. Rodriguez’s dreadful experience. Even though our initial analysis pointed to this being an edge case and not a widespread problem in our search results, we immediately convened a team that looked carefully at the issue. That team developed an initial algorithmic solution, implemented it, and the solution is already live. I am here to tell you that being bad is, and hopefully will always be, bad for business in Google’s search results.”

The Google post then goes on to outline the different ways the search engine could have solved the “Bad to customers = Good for PageRank” problem, by either blocking or using sentiment analysis to pull sites with a lot of negative comments down in the rankings. Using sentiment analysis in search rank is tricky however, because it would also pull down sites about unpopular politicians and controversial issues like abortion.

Instead of using either of those two solutions to account for cases like the one described in the New York Times article, Google instead compiled a list of hundreds of merchants (including DecorMyEyes) that provided “bad user experience” and algorithmically forced them lower.

This is obviously not a foolproof method and Google admits that people might be able to find a another loophole in ranking algorithms sometime in the future. But for now customers who use Google search for shopping, and Google’s public image, are just a little bit safer.

Live Tweets in Google’s real-time search is set to display.

The feature has already been launched in the US and is the first time the search giant has featured ads from another network in its listings. It will start in the UK when Twitter initiates its advertising platform here in the early part of 2011. Promoted Tweets enable brands to invest in paid-for ads which appear in search results on the microblogging site.

The service is launched in the US this month and is expected to make its debut in the UK during 2011, reports Marketing magazine. Normal tweets already show in Google searches, but in the US Promoted Tweets now also appear in a shaded box labelled ‘Ads by Twitter’. It works in a similar way to the pay per click services provided by Google Adwords, with tweets appearing at the top of results pages under a “promoted” label.

A spokeswoman for Google said: “Twitter is pioneering advertising against short-form content, so it was a natural starting place for us.”

Twitter is in talks with several brands in the UK including Sky, Sony and Vodafone to become the first companies on the ad platform when it launches over here. Twitter is reported to be in talks with a host of big companies, including Sky, Vodafone and Sony about being the first organisations to utilise the new marketing channel when it arrives in Britain.

The social networking site is currently testing out a new Directory tab, which provides users with advice on accounts they may be interested in following and lets them browse through the various categories of individuals and companies signed up to the website, reported Search Engine Land.

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Advanced Search Engines Types

Search engines are an extremely powerful tool of promoting your business websites online and getting target customers. Many studies have shown that between 40% and 80% of users found what they were looking for by using the search engine feature of the Internet. According to a research it is concluded that 625 million searches are performed every day!


A web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web and FTP servers. The search results are generally presented in a list of results. The great thing about search engines is they bring targeted traffic to your website. These people are already motivated to make a purchase from you- because they searched you out.

With the right website optimization, the search engines can always deliver your site to your audiences.

4 types of Search engines mostly used are:

1. Crawler-Based Search Engines
2. Human Powered Directories
3. Hybrid Search Engines
4. Meta Search Engines

1- Crawler-based search engines

Crawler-based search engines use automated software programs to survey and categorize web pages. The programs used by the search engines to access your web pages are called ‘spiders’, ‘crawlers’, ‘robots’ or ‘bots’.
A spider will find a web page, download it and analyze the information presented on the web page. The web page will then be added to the search engine’s database. Then when a user performs a search, the search engine will check its database of web pages for the key words the user searched on to present a list of link results.

The results (list of suggested links to go to), are listed on pages by order of which is ‘closest’ (as defined by the ‘bots’), to what the user wants to find online. Crawler-based search engines are constantly searching the Internet for new web pages and updating their database of information with these new or altered pages.

Examples:
Examples of crawler-based search engines are:
* Google (www.google.com)
* Ask Jeeves (www.ask.com)


2- Human Powered Directories

A human-powered directory depends on humans for its listings. A directory gets its information from submissions, which include a short description to the directory for the entire site, or from editors who write one for sites they review. Human editors who decide what category the site belongs to; they place websites within specific categories in the ‘directories’ database. The human editors comprehensively check the website and rank it, based on the information they find, using a pre-defined set of rules.

Examples:
There are two major directories at the time of writing:
* Yahoo Directory
* Open Directory

3- Hybrid Search Engines

Hybrid search engines use a combination of both crawler-based results and directory results. It is extremely common for crawler-type and human-powered results to be combined when conducting a search. Usually, a hybrid search engine will favor one type of listings over another. For example, MSN Search is more likely to present human-powered listings from LookSmart.
More and more search engines these days are moving to a hybrid-based model. Example of hybrid search engine is MSN.

4- Meta Search Engines
Meta search engines take the results from all the other search engines results, and combine them into one large listing.

Examples:
Examples of Meta search engines include:
* Metacrawler
* Dogpile

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Google Architecture

To engineer a search engine is a challenging task. Search engines index tens to hundreds of millions of web pages involving a comparable number of distinct terms. They answer tens of millions of queries every day. Despite the importance of large-scale search engines on the web, very little academic research has been done on them. It is not easy to understand the Google Search engine Architecture in a single article.

In this article I am giving a high level overview of Google Architecture, how the whole system works as pictured in Figure 1. Further sections will discuss the applications and data structures not mentioned in this section. Most of Google is implemented in C or C++ for efficiency and can run in either Solaris or Linux.

The details of main components of Google Architecture are given below:

Crawlers:
In Google, the web crawling (downloading of web pages) is done by several distributed crawlers. Crawlers are automated programs which fetch the website information over the web.

URL Server

There is a URL Server that sends lists of URLs to be fetched to the crawlers. The web pages that are fetched are then sent to the store server.

Store Server:
The store server then compresses and stores the web pages into a repository. Every web page has an associated ID number called a docID which is assigned whenever a new URL is parsed out of a web page. The indexing function is performed by the indexer and the sorter.


Indexer:
The indexer performs a number of functions. It reads the repository, uncompresses the documents, and parses them. Each document is converted into a set of word occurrences called hits.

The hits record the word, position in document, an approximation of font size, and capitalization. The indexer distributes these hits into a set of "barrels", creating a partially sorted forward index. The indexer performs another important function. It parses out all the links in every web page and stores important information about them in an anchors file. This file contains enough information to determine where each link points from and to, and the text of the link.

URL Resolver:

The URL Resolver reads the anchors file and converts relative URLs into absolute URLs and in turn into docIDs. It puts the anchor text into the forward index, associated with the docID that the anchor points to. It also generates a database of links which are pairs of docIDs. The links database is used to compute PageRanks for all the documents.

The sorter takes the barrels, which are sorted by docID (this is a simplification, see Section 4.2.5), and resorts them by wordID to generate the inverted index. This is done in place so that little temporary space is needed for this operation. The sorter also produces a list of wordIDs and offsets into the inverted index.


DumpLexicon

A program called DumpLexicon takes this list together with the lexicon produced by the indexer and generates a new lexicon to be used by the searcher. The searcher is run by a web server and uses the lexicon built by DumpLexicon together with the inverted index and the PageRanks to answer queries.

NexGen Forum provides a platform to learn, discuss, share, and find tutorials on Search engine marketing, including SEO, Paid marketing and Affiliate marketing. Latest updates of SEO - Search engine optimization techniques, Google Adwords, effective online marketing tactics and affiliate marketing all at NexGen forum.